Is my tree sick?

Looks can be deceiving. Just because a tree appears healthy on the outside, doesn’t necessarily mean all is well on the inside. But it can be difficult to tell if a tree is under stress, and by the time signs are visible, it’s often too late. However, new technology means you can now investigate a tree’s internal condition using soundwaves.
A PiCUS sonic tomograph is a decay detection and evaluation device that gives a clear picture of what’s going on inside all that wood. It’s non-invasive and non-destructive, which makes it kind to the tree and a safe way of identifying internal decay.

How does it work?

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This amazing device evaluates the health of a tree by measuring the velocity of soundwaves passing through the tree. It works on the principle that soundwaves passing through decay move more slowly than waves passing through solid wood.
Sonic sensors are used to detect the soundwaves. Each sensor is connected to a nail, which is tapped into the cambium layer of the trunk. Data-collection software then takes all these measurements and quickly generates a high-quality colour image of the cross-section of the tree, which is known as a tomogram. This provides a clear picture of any damage within the trunk. The different colours on the image represent different levels of problems, from dark brown (sound, solid wood) through to light blue (which indicates a cavity or decayed wood). This entire process takes approximately 45-60 minutes and costs about $550.

Tree maladies

Sometimes, what’s on the outside can show if a tree’s insides are under stress. Here are a few common symptoms to look for:

• Mushroom-like growths near the base of the trunk can indicate brown root rot in trees. Call an arborist, who can identify the fungi and determine whether your tree can be saved.

• Small holes covered with sawdust-like frass indicate borer activity. In a short time they can ringbark the tree and kill it. One simple remedy is to push a piece of wire into the holes to kill the grub. If frass is visible again, then the borer is still active and further treatment is needed.

• ‘Mudding’, which collects at the bottom of the tree, is a sign of termite activity. Call a termite specialist or arborist to identify the termite and offer a solution.

• Most common in grafted trees, plants suckers growing from below the graft signify an effort by the rootstock to take over. The suckers sap the energy from the more desirable branches on top. Cleanly cut the suckers as close to the tree as possible, as soon as they appear.