Patterns, from teddy bears to gardens are inspired by a tradition that dates to the 16th century.

Embroidery cottons
For Anchor stranded cotton call Semco Crafts for stockists on 1800 641 277.
For stockists of DMC stranded cotton, call 1800 684 144.

Refer to your pattern for possible variations to the following basic instructions.

General instructions
1. To prevent embroidery fabric fraying while you work, finish raw edges with machine zigzag stitch or hand whip-stitch.

2. Each square on the graph represents one cross-stitch and each symbol represents the colour thread to use.

3. Mark the horizontal and vertical centre lines on the graph and baste the centre lines on the fabric; don't use dark colours to baste on light fabrics as the dye can rub off onto the fabric. Start work at the centre.

4. An embroidery hoop keeps the fabric taut while you stitch, thereby keeping your stitching even. A hoop isn't essential, but if you prefer to use one you'll be working with a stab stitch, making each half cross-stitch in two movements. Bind inner ring of hoop with white cotton tape to protect fabric.

5. Following the graph, and using a tapestry needle, embroider the motifs in cross-stitch. Work each cross over two fabric threads (for linen) or one fabric square (for Aida), using two strands of cotton or the quantity specified for each project. Always work the cross-stitches in the same direction.

6. When all cross-stitching is finished, work outlines in back-stitch with one strand of cotton unless otherwise specified.

7. Always press the embroidery from the wrong side with the right side of the work face down on a well-padded surface, such as a folded towel, to avoid flat-tening the stitches. Place a damp cloth over the embroidery and press with the flat of the iron – don't sweep the iron back and forth, this will distort the fabric and your stitches.

8. When it's time to frame your work, ask the framer to use a mat board as this will keep the glass from resting on the embroidery. If you prefer not to use a mat board, the framer can use spacers to keep the glass from touching your work.

Cross-stitch step 1	Cross-stitch step 2
Three-quarter cross-stitch	Back-stitch